Discover the ancient Sumerian gods and goddesses, where shifting names hid timeless powers and divine mysteries.
The Sumerian gods and goddesses had many names. Different cities worshipped the same deities under different titles. Over time, as Sumerian culture influenced Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian traditions, these names took on new spellings and pronunciations.
Below is a list of the names for Sumerian gods and goddesses, including the alternate spellings.
Names with hyperlinks lead to dedicated pages with more details about each deity.
A, Aa, Ab, Abou, Absu, Abu, Abyss, Abzu, Adgar Kidug, Adgarkidu, Adgar-Kidu, Aja, Alad, Allatu, Ama, Amna, Amanki, Amaushumgalanna, Ama-Usum-Gal-Ana, Amna, An, Ana, Anat, Anath, Anatu, Anna-Nin, Annis, Anu, Anum, Anzak, Apason, Apsu, Aruru, Asai, Asalim, Asalluha, Asalluhe, Asalluhi, Asar, Asaralim, Asaralimnuna, Asariluchi, Asarluhi, Asarnuna, Asgi, Ashgi, Ashima, Ashimbabbar, Ash-im-babbar, Ashnan, Ashshirgi, Asimbabbar, As-im-babbar, Aya, Azimua
Baalat, Baalath, Baba, Babbar, Bau, Bel, Belet-balati, Belili, Bel-Marduk, Bel-Merodach, Bidu, Bitu, Bull of Heaven
Damgalnuna, Damgalnunna, Damu, Dazimua, dha-ià, Digirmah, Dimtabba, Dingirmah, dNa-áš, dnam-ta-ru, dNa-zi, dŠul-pa-è, dŠul-pa-è-a, Du’uzu, Dudu, Dumuzi, Dumuzi-Amaushumgalana, Dumuzid, Dumuzida, Duuzu
Ebech, Ebeh, Egime, Emes, Emesh, Emmer, Enbilulu, Endukugga, Endursaga, Enki, Enkimdu, Enlil, Enmerkar, En-Mersi, Enmesarra, Enmesh, Enmeshara, Enmesharra, Enmul, Enšadu, Enshag, Enshagag, Enten, Enurta, Enzag, Enzu, En-zu, Erakal, Ereckigala, Ereshkigal, Ereskigal, Erishkigal, Euechoras, Ezina, Ezina – Kusu
Gangir, Gatamdug, Gatumdu, Gatumdug, Gatundu, Ga-Ur, Geshtinanna, Geshtu, Geshtu-€, Gestin-Ana, Gestin-Anna, Gestu, Gibil, Gizidu, Gizzida, Great Bull of Heaven, Great Gugulana, Great Mother, Great Mountain, Gugulana, Gula
Hadad, Haddad, Hahanu, Haia, Haja, Haya, Hayasum, Hegir, Hegir-nuna, Hendursaga, Hendursanga, Husbishag
Illil, Illilos, Ilu, Immer, Immes, Inana, Inanna, Indagara, Innana, Innin, Innini, Inninina, Inzak, Irkalla, Irranergal, Ishar, Ishkur, Ishum, Isimu, Isimud, Isinu, Iskur, Ištar
Kabta, Kalkal, Kengida, Ki, King of Snakes, Kingaludda, Kingu, Ki-Urash, Kulla, Kurunnītu, Kus, Kutushar
Lady Air, Lady of Purity, Lady of the Great Mountain, Lady of The Land, Lady of the Mountain, Lady of the Vine, Lady of the Wild Cows, Lady of the Wild Hills, Lady of the Wilderness, Lahar, Latarak, Lil, Lisin, Llawela, Lord Air, Lord Earth, Lord Healer, Lord of Calendar, Lord of the Demons, Lord of Dilmun, Lord of the River, Lord of the Scepter, Lord of the Storm, Lugal-abzu, Lugal-abzuak, Lugaldukuga, Lugalid, Lugal-ida, Lugal-idak, Lugalkisa’a, Lugal-namtarra, Lugaludda, Lulal, Lulil, Lú-líl
Ma, Ma-Bellone, Mami, Manungal, Martu, Medimsa, Medimša, Mer, Mes Lam Taea, Meslamtaea, Meslamtea, Mir, Muati, Mululil, Mur, Mušdama, Mushdama, Mushdamma, Mussdamma
Na-an-še, Na-aš-še, Nadim(mud), Namma, Nammu, Namnamu, Namrat, Namtar, Namtaru, Nana, Nanna, Nannama, Nanse, Nanše, Nanshe, Narru, Našuḫ, Nazi, Nedu, Negun, Ne-iri-gal, Nergal, Nerigal, Nesu, Neti, Nidaba, Nidim(mud), Niggissida, Nimintabba, Nimurta, Nina, Ninanna, Nin-asu, Ninazimua, Nin-azu, Ninazu, Ninazumua, Ninbilulu, Nindara, Nindub, Ninduba, Nindubarra, Nindukugga, Nin Edin, Ninedina, Nin Ezen, Ningeshtinanna, Ningal, Nin-Gala, Ningikuga, Ningikugal, Ningilin, Ningirama, Ningirida, Ningirsu, Nin Gishzida, Ningishzida, Ningis Zia, Ningis Zi Da, Ningišzida, Ningizzida, Ningursag, Ningursu, Nin-Gursu, Ninharsag, Ninhursag, Ninhursaga, Ninhursagga, Ninimma, Nin-Imma, Nininni, Nininsina, Nininsinna, Ninkar, Ninkarnunna, Ninkasi, Ninkharsag, Ninkhursag, Ninkilim, Ninku, Ninkur, Ninkura, Ninkurra, Ninkurru, Ninlil, Ninma, Ninmah, Ninmar, Nin Mar Ki, Nin Me En, Ninmena, Ninmu, Ninmug, Ninna, Ninni, Nin-nisig, Ninsar, Ninshubur, Ninsikil, Ninsikila, Ninsiku, Ninsinna, Ninskilla, Ninsubur, Ninšubur, Ninšubura, Ninsumun, Ninsumuna, Ninsumunak, Nin Sun, Ninsun, Ninsuna, Ninsutu, Ninsu-utud, Ninti, Nintinugga, Nintu, Nintua Kalamma, Nintuama Kalamma, Nintud, Nintul, Nintulla, Nintur, Ninudzalli, Ninunuga, Nin Ur, Ninurash, Ninurta, Nin-Uruwa, Nisaba, Nissaba, Nissiku, Nu Mus Da, Nudim(mud), Numucda, Numušda, Numushda, Nunammir, Nunbarshegunu, Nungal, Nunu, Nuska, Nusku
Pabilsag, Pabilsang, Papukkal, Parvati, Pasag
Recorder of Heaven and Hell, Rimm, Rimn, Rishtu
Sadarnunna, Šala, Šamaš, Sarra Intu, Sarra Itu, Sarrahitu, Sarrhitu, Serida, Shahan, Shala, Shamash, Shara, Sharaw, Sharuk, Sherah, Sherida, Shulpae, Shul-utula, Sige, Sigensigdu, Sin, Sirara, Sudaĝ, Sudgan, Suen, Sulpae, Sul-pa-e, Sulsaga, Sul-utula
Tammuz, Tammuz of the Abyss, The Roaring God
Uddagubba, Umulua, Umunesiga, Umunmuduru, Uras, Uraš, Urash, Urbadgumgum, Ushumgalanna, Usmû, Uttu, Uttukki, Uttukku, Uttuku, Utu, Utug, Utuki, Utukku,
“Water Knower”, “Water Pouring Lord”, We-ila, Wer, White Goddess, Windlord
Zangara, Zigarun, Ziku, Zikum, Zuen, Zu-en, Zu-ena, Zuib, Zulummar
References
There are multiple resources that provide information on the specific deities and their correlating attributes and names. The information used on this page was obtained from the following list of resources.
- Arthur Cotterell, Oxford Dictionary of World Mythology (Oxford University Press, 1997)
- Faculty of Oriental Studies, The ETCSL Project (The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, 2006)
- Matt Clayton, Sumerian Mythology: Captivating Myths Of Gods, Goddesses, And Legendary Creatures of Ancient Sumer and Their Importance To The Sumerians (Captivating History, 2019)
- Samuel Noah Kramer, Sumerian Mythology: A Study of Spiritual And Literary Achievement in the Third Millenium B.C. (General Press, 2021)
- Samuel Noah Kramer, The Sumerians Their History, Culture, and Character (The University of Chicago Press, 1963)